据烃加工网站5月21日报道 美国汽油价格强劲上涨，鼓励炼油厂最大限度地提高汽油产量，尽管它们正与国际检疫限制导致的飞机燃料需求疲软作斗争。

　　从期货价格来看，美国原油生产汽油的销售毛利已从年初的10美元飙升至每桶24美元以上，为2015年以来的最高水平。

　　自2006年初以来的所有几周里，利润率都处于84%的水平，这给炼油厂带来了最大限度提高产量的强烈动力，尽管它们抑制了其他燃料的产量。

　　根据美国能源信息署（EIA）编制的全国汽油价格表，利润率上升已将汽油平均零售成本推高至每加仑3美元以上，为2014年以来的最高水平。

　　上周，汽油占三大燃料（包括柴油和喷气式飞机）总产量的63%，为2009/10年以来的最高周份额。

　　汽油库存达2.34亿桶，比疫情前2015-2019年五年平均水平高出不到1%。

　　消费仅比疫情爆发前五年的平均水平低3%，家庭订单取消，上班旅行重新启动，大多数企业开业。

　　消费的复苏速度远远快于整个产品，上周仍下降了近6%，炼油厂的原油加工也下降了近9%。

　　高利润率将确保炼油厂尽可能多地从生产过程中榨出汽油，即使他们继续限制原油的开采，以避免产生不需要的喷气燃料。

　　王磊 摘译自 烃加工

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. refiners boost gasoline output as margins surge

　　U.S. gasoline prices are rising strongly, encouraging refineries to maximise gasoline production, even as they struggle with lacklustre demand for jet fuel due to international quarantine restrictions.

　　based on futures prices, gross margins for making gasoline from U.S. crude oil have surged to more than $24 per barrel, up from just $10 at the start of the year, and the highest level since 2015.

　　Driving the rise in prices is a much faster recovery in demand for gasoline than for other oil products as economies reopen.

　　Margins are now in the 84th percentile for all weeks since the start of 2006, giving refiners a strong incentive to maximise production, even as they hold back output of other fuels (tmsnrt.rs/33YadVh).

　　Rising margins have pushed the average retail cost of gasoline above $3 per gallon, its highest level since 2014, according to nationwide pump prices compiled by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

　　Gasoline accounted for 63% of the total output of the big three fuels (including diesel and jet) last week, among the highest weekly shares since 2009/10.

　　Gasoline inventories amounted to 234 million barrels, less than 1% above the pre-epidemic five-year average for 2015-2019 (“Weekly petroleum status report”, EIA, May 19).

　　Consumption was just 3% below the pre-epidemic five-year average, with stay-at-home orders lifted, travel to work restarting and most businesses open.

　　Consumption has recovered much faster than for products as a whole, still down almost 6% last week, or refineries’ crude processing, down almost 9%.

　　High margins will ensure refiners squeeze as much gasoline out of the process as possible – even as they continue to limit crude runs to avoid producing unwanted jet fuel.

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